![]() This leads to a common issue of angular mismatch. However, because TCD is typically performed blindly (i.e., without a B-mode), a 0° interrogation angle is usually assumed. Velocity measurements are at the highest precision when the direction of blood flow coincides with the ultrasound beam. N2 - Detecting abnormal blood flow is possible through transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound by measuring blood velocity in cerebral arteries. This work was partially funded by the Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) by the Indonesian Government.Ĭopyright © 2023 Hashuro, Daibo, Ishii, Saijo and Ohta. T2 - An assessment of angular mismatch effect on blood velocity measurement in comparison to optical particle image velocimetry T1 - Ultrasound flow phantom for transcranial Doppler Our results suggest that despite angle correction, velocity errors may still occur when the interrogation angle changes.", Therefore, we find that angular mismatch, especially in larger angles, leads to inaccurate velocity measurements in TCD. On the other hand, with the correction, the errors in almost all angles were comparatively lower however, at 80° at the 124 mL/min flow, a maximum overestimation rate of 113.7% was found, showing a larger error magnitude. Comparison results revealed that without an ultrasound machine angle correction, all measurements yielded underestimation with 73.9% at the highest in the 80° interrogation window at the 130 mL/min flow. Then, TCD velocity measurement was conducted on several interrogation and mismatch angles. The PVA-H and quartz glass compositions were controlled to achieve transparency and enable PIV velocity measurement. An ultrasound phantom developed by combining polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H), quartz glass as a scatterer, and a gypsum plate as a skull bone was utilized to approximate the middle cerebral artery TCD measurement from the temporal window. Resulting errors with and without ultrasound machine angular correction were also considered. This study quantitatively shows the angular mismatch effects on the measured velocities using a TCD ultrasound flow phantom compared with the velocities measured by optical particle image velocimetry (PIV) as control. ![]() Our results suggest that despite angle correction, velocity errors may still occur when the interrogation angle changes.Ībstract = "Detecting abnormal blood flow is possible through transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound by measuring blood velocity in cerebral arteries. ![]() ![]() Detecting abnormal blood flow is possible through transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound by measuring blood velocity in cerebral arteries.
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